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• System brings deep learning to 'internet of things' devices
• How air pollution affects homeless populations
• Parasitic worms offer 'the missing link' on the dual nature of a key immune regulator
• The Popovich of floral nectar spurs
• Ultracompact metalens microscopy breaks FOV constraints
• Be mindful: Study shows mindfulness might not work as you expect
• Light shed on the atomic resolution structure of phage DNA tube
• The unique hydraulics in the Barbegal water mills, the world's first industrial plant
• Gut check: Teff grain boosts stomach microbiome health
• Combo pill alone and with aspirin lowers heart disease risk
• New cardiac arrest resuscitation treatment demonstrated 100% success rate in cannulation
• Promising MS drug may worsen disease
• The future's uncertain, but noradrenaline can help us adapt
• Circular RNA regulates neuronal differentiation by scaffolding an inhibitory transcription complex
• New green materials could power smart devices using ambient light
• A few kilograms weight loss nearly halves the risk of diabetes
• Computer vision app allows easier monitoring of diabetes
• East African Rift System is slowly breaking away, with Madagascar splitting into pieces
• Zinc-ion hybrid capacitors with ideal anions in the electrolyte show extra-long performance
• Drawing the line to answer art's big questions
• What type of forest to choose for better CO2 storage?
• Chemistry: How nitrogen is transferred by a catalyst
• Love waves from the ocean floor
• Success in controlling perovskite ions' composition paves the way for device applications
• Ultra-fast polymer modulators that can take the heat
• History of temperature changes in the Universe revealed
• Dry food or raw? Diet affects skin gene expression in both healthy and atopic dogs
• An epidemic outbreak of Mesoamerican Nephropathy in Nicaragua linked to nickel toxicity
• Shining a light on the role of the genome's 'dark matter' in cancer development
• New prediction algorithm identifies previously undetected cancer driver genes

System brings deep learning to 'internet of things' devices Posted: 13 Nov 2020 12:46 PM PST A new system brings machine learning to microcontrollers. The advance could enhance the function and security of devices connected to the Internet of Things (IoT).

How air pollution affects homeless populations Posted: 13 Nov 2020 12:46 PM PST When air quality worsens, either from the smoke and ozone of summer or the inversion of winter, most of us stay indoors. But for individuals experiencing homelessness, that's not always an option. Researchers document the effect of air pollution on people experiencing homelessness, finding that nearly all notice and are impacted by air pollution, whether or not they reside in shelters.

Parasitic worms offer 'the missing link' on the dual nature of a key immune regulator Posted: 13 Nov 2020 12:46 PM PST By studying two models of parasite infection, researchers filled in crucial gaps about the activity of the signaling molecule IL-33 that is critical to asthma, allergies, and other diseases.

The Popovich of floral nectar spurs Posted: 13 Nov 2020 11:18 AM PST Scientists identify the gene critical to controlling the development of these spurs in the common columbine, or Aquilegia. They found it acts as a master regulator that appears to control the creation of the spurs by regulating the activity of other genes, the way a coach decides who plays and when.

Ultracompact metalens microscopy breaks FOV constraints Posted: 13 Nov 2020 11:18 AM PST The pursuit of ever-higher imaging resolution in microscopy is coupled with growing demands for compact portability and high throughput. While imaging performance has improved, conventional microscopes still suffer from the bulky, heavy elements and architectures associated with refractive optics. Metalenses offer a solution: they're ultrathin, ultralight, and flat, and benefit from lots of recent research that has improved their efficiency, FOV, and polarization functionalities.

Be mindful: Study shows mindfulness might not work as you expect Posted: 13 Nov 2020 11:18 AM PST If dispositional mindfulness can teach us anything about how we react to stress, it might be an unexpected lesson on its ineffectiveness at managing stress as it's happening, according to new research. When the goal is 'not to sweat the small stuff,' mindfulness appears to offer little toward achieving that end.

Light shed on the atomic resolution structure of phage DNA tube Posted: 13 Nov 2020 11:18 AM PST Given that phages are able to destroy bacteria, they are of particular interest to science. Basic researchers are especially interested in the tube used by phages to implant their DNA into bacteria. They have now revealed the 3D structure of this crucial phage component in atomic resolution.

The unique hydraulics in the Barbegal water mills, the world's first industrial plant Posted: 13 Nov 2020 11:18 AM PST The Barbegal watermills in southern France are a unique complex dating back to the 2nd century AD. The construction with 16 waterwheels is, as far as is known, the first attempt in Europe to build a machine complex on an industrial scale. A team of scientists has now gained new knowledge about the construction and principle of the water supply to the mills in Barbegal.

Gut check: Teff grain boosts stomach microbiome health Posted: 13 Nov 2020 11:18 AM PST Food scientists confirm that the grain teff helps the stomach and enhances the nutritional value of iron and zinc, according to a new modeling method.

Combo pill alone and with aspirin lowers heart disease risk Posted: 13 Nov 2020 11:18 AM PST A 'polypill' is a single pill that includes multiple medications to control more than one health risk factor (such as heart disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, Type 2 diabetes, kidney disease, stroke). In this large, international trial, the polypill included blood pressure and cholesterol lowering medications for people at risk for heart disease. Results from the randomized, placebo-controlled trial show that the combination of a polypill plus aspirin reduced cardiovascular disease by 31%, and the polypill without aspirin reduced CVD by 21%.

New cardiac arrest resuscitation treatment demonstrated 100% success rate in cannulation Posted: 13 Nov 2020 11:18 AM PST A new study found that the first four months of the Minnesota Mobile Resuscitation Consortium (MMRC) was 100% effective in cannulation for out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrests. Cannulation is when tubes are placed in large veins and arteries in the legs, neck or chest in a patient by a health care provider.

Promising MS drug may worsen disease Posted: 13 Nov 2020 11:18 AM PST The drug has not yet made it to human trials for multiple sclerosis, but scientists are urging their colleagues to move cautiously.

The future's uncertain, but noradrenaline can help us adapt Posted: 13 Nov 2020 09:41 AM PST A brain chemical called noradrenaline is responsible for our responses to uncertain situations - helping us to learn quickly and adapt our behavior, a new study has found.

Circular RNA regulates neuronal differentiation by scaffolding an inhibitory transcription complex Posted: 13 Nov 2020 09:40 AM PST In a screening for a functional impact to the neuronal differentiation process, researchers identified a specific circular RNA, circZNF827, which surprisingly 'taps the brake' on neurogenesis. The results provide an interesting example of co-evolution of a circRNA, and its host-encoded protein product, that regulate each other's function, to directly impact the fundamental process of neurogenesis.

New green materials could power smart devices using ambient light Posted: 13 Nov 2020 09:40 AM PST Researchers have developed environmentally friendly materials that could harvest enough energy from indoor light to power wireless smart devices.

A few kilograms weight loss nearly halves the risk of diabetes Posted: 13 Nov 2020 09:40 AM PST Losing a few kilograms in weight almost halves people's risk of developing Type 2 diabetes - according to a large scale research study. The research shows how providing support to help people with prediabetes make small changes to their lifestyle, diet and physical activity can almost halve the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The findings come from the largest diabetes prevention research study in the world in the last 30 years. The clinical trial involved >1,000 people with prediabetes.

Computer vision app allows easier monitoring of diabetes Posted: 13 Nov 2020 09:40 AM PST A computer vision technology developed by engineers has now been developed into a free mobile phone app for regular monitoring of glucose levels in people with diabetes.

East African Rift System is slowly breaking away, with Madagascar splitting into pieces Posted: 13 Nov 2020 09:40 AM PST The African continent is slowly separating into several large and small tectonic blocks along the diverging East African Rift System, continuing to Madagascar - the long island just off the coast of Southeast Africa - that itself will also break apart into smaller islands.

Zinc-ion hybrid capacitors with ideal anions in the electrolyte show extra-long performance Posted: 13 Nov 2020 07:58 AM PST Metal-ion hybrid capacitors combine the properties of capacitors and batteries. One electrode uses the capacitive mechanism, the other the battery-type redox processes. Scientists have now scrutinized the role of anions in the electrolyte. The results reveal the importance of sulfate anions. Sulfate-based electrolytes gave zinc-ion hybrid capacitors outstanding performance and extra-long operability.

Drawing the line to answer art's big questions Posted: 13 Nov 2020 07:58 AM PST Algorithms have shown that the compositional structure of Western landscape paintings changed 'suspiciously' smoothly between 1500 and 2000 AD, potentially indicating a selection bias by art curators or in art historical literature.

What type of forest to choose for better CO2 storage? Posted: 13 Nov 2020 07:58 AM PST An international team has studied which types of forest are the most effective in storing carbon. Inventory data from natural forests on five continents show that species diversity is optimal for equatorial and tropical rainforests, and that, conversely, in forests located in cold or dry regions, it is the abundance of trees and not their diversity that favours the recapture of CO2.

Chemistry: How nitrogen is transferred by a catalyst Posted: 13 Nov 2020 07:58 AM PST Catalysts with a metal-nitrogen bond can transfer nitrogen to organic molecules. In this process short-lived molecular species are formed, whose properties critically determine the course of the reaction and product formation. The key compound in a catalytic nitrogen-atom transfer reaction has now been analysed in detail by chemists. The detailed understanding of this reaction will allow for the design of catalysts tailored for specific reactions.

Love waves from the ocean floor Posted: 13 Nov 2020 07:37 AM PST Supercomputer simulations of planetary-scale interactions show how ocean storms and the structure of Earth's upper layers together generate much of the world's seismic waves. Decoding the faint but ubiquitous vibrations known as Love waves could yield insights about Earth's storm history, changing climate and interior.

Success in controlling perovskite ions' composition paves the way for device applications Posted: 13 Nov 2020 07:37 AM PST Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites have received much attention as potential next generation solar cells and as materials for light-emitting devices.

Ultra-fast polymer modulators that can take the heat Posted: 13 Nov 2020 07:37 AM PST Researchers have demonstrated a silicon-polymer hybrid modulator that can efficiently and reliably transmit data at 200 Gbit/s over an extremely wide range of temperatures from 25 °C to 110 °C. Use of such robust modulators in high-speed data applications could reduce cooling demands of the systems and expand applications in harsh environments.

History of temperature changes in the Universe revealed Posted: 13 Nov 2020 07:37 AM PST How hot is the Universe today? How hot was it before? A new study by an international team of researchers suggests that the mean temperature of gas in large structures of the Universe has increased about 3 times in the last 8 billion years, to reach about two million Kelvin today.

Dry food or raw? Diet affects skin gene expression in both healthy and atopic dogs Posted: 13 Nov 2020 07:37 AM PST Differences in skin gene expression were observed between healthy and atopic Staffordshire Bull Terriers as well as between dogs that ate either dry food or raw food. Raw food appeared to activate the skin's immune system as well as the expression of genes that increase antioxidant production or have anti-inflammatory effects.

An epidemic outbreak of Mesoamerican Nephropathy in Nicaragua linked to nickel toxicity Posted: 13 Nov 2020 06:51 AM PST For over 20 years, researchers have tried to solve the medical mystery behind Mesoamerican Nephropathy, a form of chronic kidney disease that has caused more than 50,000 deaths in coastal South America. Now, researchers present the strongest evidence to date on the cause of the disease in one of the worst-hit hotspots in the region, Nicaragua, using an unlikely source, the toenails of individuals with the disease.

Shining a light on the role of the genome's 'dark matter' in cancer development Posted: 13 Nov 2020 06:51 AM PST Innovative research has shed light on the mysterious role of long non-coding RNAs in the development of pancreatic cancer and suggests potential new targets for precision cancer therapies.

New prediction algorithm identifies previously undetected cancer driver genes Posted: 12 Nov 2020 11:40 AM PST A new study has deepened the understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in tumorigenesis and revealed a previously undetected repertoire of cancer driver genes.

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