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• Vitamin D deficiency for the first time visible after cremation
• Infant planet discovered
• A diet of essential amino acids could keep dementia at bay
• Stronger than spider silk: Bagworm silk enables strong conducting fibers
• Traces of an ancient road in a lake
• Need for larger space telescope inspires lightweight flexible holographic lens
• Historical analysis finds no precedent for the rate of coal and gas power decline needed to limit climate change to 1.5°C
• Electrical control over designer quantum materials
• VR experiment with rats offers new insights about how neurons enable learning
• Discovery of new tiny fish, lizard species
• Carnivores may adjust schedule to avoid each other, researchers find
• Fighting viruses with interchangeable defense genes
• Chemists develop a fundamentally new mode of adsorption
• Lab-grown ‘mini brains’ hint at potential treatment options for motor neurone disease and frontotemporal dementia
• Potential new therapy for inflammatory arthritis
• Remoteness does not enhance coral reef resilience, according to marine ecologists
• Machine learning can be fair and accurate
• Anionic Nickel
• Scientists design nanoparticles that communicate with cancer cells
• Epilepsy research reveals unknown trigger for seizures
• Immunotherapy may benefit patients with cancer that has spread to tissues around the brain

Vitamin D deficiency for the first time visible after cremation Posted: 25 Oct 2021 07:17 AM PDT The cremation process destroys a lot of information that can usually be obtained from the human skeleton. Especially diseases are difficult to observe. Researchers have now found a way to reveal some of the information. For the first time, they have succeeded in detecting vitamin D deficiency in cremated human remains.

Infant planet discovered Posted: 22 Oct 2021 02:15 PM PDT One of the youngest planets ever found around a distant infant star has been discovered by an international team of scientists.

A diet of essential amino acids could keep dementia at bay Posted: 22 Oct 2021 02:14 PM PDT Protein intake is known to be vital for maintaining brain function in older individuals. Now, using a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, researchers have shown that the intake of a specific set of amino acids can inhibit the death of brain cells, protect the connections between them, and reduce inflammation, preserving brain function. Their research suggests that this amino acid combination called Amino LP7 can hinder the development of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease.

Stronger than spider silk: Bagworm silk enables strong conducting fibers Posted: 22 Oct 2021 09:38 AM PDT Researchers have harnessed the strength of bagworm silk to produce a strong conductive fiber. To obtain this novel fiber, the research team combined bagworm silk with polyaniline as a conducting polymer. The composite fibers act as an optical waveguide and are suitable for use in textile transistors. This production of a bagworm silk/polyaniline composite will enable the use of biocompatible conducting fibers for applications ranging from microelectronics to biomedical engineering.

Traces of an ancient road in a lake Posted: 22 Oct 2021 09:38 AM PDT Eight hundred years of settlement history with land reforms, epidemics and repeated wars are preserved in the sediments of Lake Czechowskie in Poland. The key role was played by the so-called Margrave's Road, the 'Via Marchionis', between the Prussian heartland and the Teutonic Order's castle Marienburg (today Malbork in Poland). The road remained significant for centuries.

Need for larger space telescope inspires lightweight flexible holographic lens Posted: 22 Oct 2021 09:38 AM PDT Inspired by a concept for discovering exoplanets with a giant space telescope, a team of researchers is developing holographic lenses that render visible and infrared starlight into either a focused image or a spectrum.

Historical analysis finds no precedent for the rate of coal and gas power decline needed to limit climate change to 1.5°C Posted: 22 Oct 2021 09:37 AM PDT Limiting climate change to the 1.5°C target set by the Paris Climate Agreement will likely require coal and gas power use to decline at rates that are unprecedented for any large country, finds an analysis of decadal episodes of fossil fuel decline in 105 countries between 1960 and 2018. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the most rapid historical cases of fossil fuel decline occurred when oil was replaced by coal, gas, or nuclear power in response to energy security threats of the 1970s and the 1980s.

Electrical control over designer quantum materials Posted: 22 Oct 2021 07:24 AM PDT In the past few years, suitably engineered stacks of two-dimensional materials have emerged as a powerful platform for studying quantum correlations between electronic states. Physicists now demonstrate how key properties of such systems can be conveniently tuned by changing an applied electrical field.

VR experiment with rats offers new insights about how neurons enable learning Posted: 22 Oct 2021 06:41 AM PDT A new study provides deep insights into how the brain's hippocampus works, involving networks of millions of neurons. That knowledge could be an important step toward the development of treatments for neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and epilepsy, all of which are related to dysfunction in the hippocampus.

Discovery of new tiny fish, lizard species Posted: 22 Oct 2021 06:41 AM PDT Two tiny new species that inhabited part of what is now the American south some 100 million years ago have been discovered by paleontologists.

Carnivores may adjust schedule to avoid each other, researchers find Posted: 22 Oct 2021 06:41 AM PDT Just as humans may leave their home five minutes early to avoid a talkative neighbor or depart work late to avoid a rude coworker, carnivorous mammals may go out of their way to avoid other species. But they're not trying to navigate awkward social interactions; rather, they are negotiating space and resources for survival.

Fighting viruses with interchangeable defense genes Posted: 21 Oct 2021 02:52 PM PDT Bacteria rapidly modify mobile parts of their genome to develop resistance to viruses.

Chemists develop a fundamentally new mode of adsorption Posted: 21 Oct 2021 02:52 PM PDT A research team has made a breakthrough in surface science by introducing a new active mechanism of adsorption. Such adsorption-based phenomena, in which molecules are attracted onto a solid surface, are essential for today's catalysts, energy storage and environmental remediation. The research demonstrates how artificial molecular machines grafted on surfaces can be used to recruit molecules actively onto these surfaces at very high concentrations, thereby storing significant amounts of energy.

Lab-grown ‘mini brains’ hint at potential treatment options for motor neurone disease and frontotemporal dementia Posted: 21 Oct 2021 09:09 AM PDT Researchers have developed 'mini brains' that allow them to study a fatal and untreatable neurological disorder causing paralysis and dementia -- and for the first time have been able to grow these for almost a year.

Potential new therapy for inflammatory arthritis Posted: 20 Oct 2021 12:03 PM PDT Researchers have made a discovery that could lead to new treatments for axial spondyloarthritis (SpA), a painful and debilitating form of arthritis which causes inflammation in the spine, joints, eyes, gut and skin.

Remoteness does not enhance coral reef resilience, according to marine ecologists Posted: 20 Oct 2021 11:00 AM PDT There's a widespread hypothesis that links the resilience of coral reefs with their remoteness from human activities -- the farther away they are from people, the more likely corals are to bounce back from disturbances.

Machine learning can be fair and accurate Posted: 20 Oct 2021 11:00 AM PDT Researchers are challenging a long-held assumption that there is a trade-off between accuracy and fairness when using machine learning to make public policy decisions.

Anionic Nickel Posted: 20 Oct 2021 11:00 AM PDT Metal catalysts are widely used in the production of drugs, dyes, adhesives, and plastics. Researchers have now discovered an intriguing property of nickel as a catalyst: it is able to catalyze the coupling of aromatic hydrocarbons in its anionic form, the nickelate ion. In this form, the two metals, lithium and nickel, work in cooperation in a unique manner, explain the authors.

Scientists design nanoparticles that communicate with cancer cells Posted: 20 Oct 2021 11:00 AM PDT A multi-institutional research team has designed nanoparticles that can communicate with and slow the development of cancer cells. The work has uncovered a novel framework for the potential development of drug-free cancer therapies.

Epilepsy research reveals unknown trigger for seizures Posted: 20 Oct 2021 10:59 AM PDT Epilepsy seizures can be triggered when a natural braking system meant to control brain activity goes awry, researchers found. The discovery could open the door to new treatments.

Immunotherapy may benefit patients with cancer that has spread to tissues around the brain Posted: 20 Oct 2021 10:59 AM PDT Immunotherapy may benefit people with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, a rare but serious complication of cancer that has spread to the brain and/or spinal cord. Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors caused notable changes in the characteristics of immune cells within the cerebrospinal fluid of patients. In a phase II clinical trial, treatment extended overall survival in patients compared with historical controls.

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