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• Unsettling currents: Warm water flowing beneath the 'Doomsday Glacier'
• Stress from work and social interactions put women at higher coronary heart disease risk
• Optically active defects improve carbon nanotubes
• Abrupt ice age climate changes behaved like cascading dominoes
• Discovery could help lengthen lifespan of electronic devices
• Masculine traits linked to better parenting for some dads
• Preseismic atmospheric radon anomaly associated with 2018 northern Osaka earthquake
• Metabolic changes in fat tissue in obesity associated with adverse health effects
• Glass injection molding
• A sulfosugar from green vegetables promotes the growth of important gut bacteria
• Bird blood is a heating system in winter
• Pillar of support: Breakthrough discovery could speed up bone implant recovery
• Toward a reliable oral treatment for sickle cell disease
• Childhood diet and exercise creates healthier, less anxious adults
• Health benefits of breastfeeding, for mother: Lactation and visceral, pericardial fat
• Brazil at high risk of dengue outbreaks after droughts because of temporary water storage
• Leisure physical activity is linked with health benefits but work activity is not
• Scientists discover 'jumping' genes that can protect against blood cancers
• Blocking a protein could help overcome cancer resistance to PARP inhibitors
• The tuberculosis pathogen releases its toxin by a novel protein transport system

Unsettling currents: Warm water flowing beneath the 'Doomsday Glacier' Posted: 09 Apr 2021 11:58 AM PDT Researchers have been able to obtain data from underneath Thwaites Glacier, also known as the 'Doomsday Glacier'. They find that the supply of warm water to the glacier is larger than previously thought, triggering concerns of faster melting and accelerating ice flow.

Stress from work and social interactions put women at higher coronary heart disease risk Posted: 09 Apr 2021 09:47 AM PDT Psychosocial stress - typically resulting from difficulty coping with challenging environments - may work synergistically to put women at significantly higher risk of developing coronary heart disease, according to a new study.

Optically active defects improve carbon nanotubes Posted: 09 Apr 2021 09:37 AM PDT The properties of carbon-based nanomaterials can be altered and engineered through the deliberate introduction of certain structural 'imperfections'. The challenge, however, is to control the number and type of these defects. Chemists and materials scientists have now demonstrated a new reaction pathway that enables such control for carbon nanotubes. It results in specific optically active sp3 defects, which are more luminescent and can emit single photons in the near-infrared.

Abrupt ice age climate changes behaved like cascading dominoes Posted: 09 Apr 2021 07:45 AM PDT Throughout the last ice age, the climate changed repeatedly and rapidly during so-called Dansgaard-Oeschger events, where Greenland temperatures rose between 5 and 16 degrees Celsius in decades. When certain parts of the climate system changed, other parts of the climate system followed like a series of dominos toppling in succession. Today, sea-ice extent is being rapidly reduced, and it is uncertain whether this part of the climate system can trigger sudden future climate change.

Discovery could help lengthen lifespan of electronic devices Posted: 09 Apr 2021 07:45 AM PDT Researchers have made a significant discovery in the field of materials science, for the first time providing a full picture of how fatigue in ferroelectric materials occurs.

Masculine traits linked to better parenting for some dads Posted: 09 Apr 2021 07:45 AM PDT In some men, having traditional masculine characteristics such as competitiveness and adventurousness was linked to being better fathers to infants, a new study found. But the men in this study - highly educated and from dual-earner couples - combined those stereotypically masculine traits with the belief that they should be nurturing, highly involved fathers.

Preseismic atmospheric radon anomaly associated with 2018 northern Osaka earthquake Posted: 09 Apr 2021 07:44 AM PDT The concentration of the radioactive element radon is known to change in the ground before and after earthquakes. Previous studies have shown elevated radon levels in the atmosphere before the mainshock of a large inland earthquake due to foreshock activity and slow slip.

Metabolic changes in fat tissue in obesity associated with adverse health effects Posted: 09 Apr 2021 07:44 AM PDT A twin study indicates that the machinery responsible for energy handling in fat tissue is working poorly in obesity. In the study, a clear reduction was seen in the activity of mitochondrial genes in obesity in fat tissue, while similar genome-level change in muscle mitochondria was minor. A link with adverse health effects was identified in the mitochondria of fat tissue only.

Glass injection molding Posted: 09 Apr 2021 07:44 AM PDT Researchers succeed in producing rapid, cost-effective and environmentally friendly material.

A sulfosugar from green vegetables promotes the growth of important gut bacteria Posted: 09 Apr 2021 07:44 AM PDT A team of scientists has analyzed how microbes in the gut process the plant-based, sulfur-containing sugar sulfoquinovose. Their study discovered that specialized bacteria cooperate in the utilization of the sulfosugar, producing hydrogen sulfide. This gas has disparate effects on human health: at low concentrations, it has an anti-inflammatory effect, while increased amounts of hydrogen sulfide in the intestine, in turn, are associated with diseases such as cancer.

Bird blood is a heating system in winter Posted: 09 Apr 2021 07:42 AM PDT Researchers have discovered that bird blood produces more heat in winter, when it is colder, than in autumn.

Pillar of support: Breakthrough discovery could speed up bone implant recovery Posted: 09 Apr 2021 06:36 AM PDT A research team has uncovered a new technique that can speed up recovery from bone replacements. Novel micropillars, 10 times smaller than the width of a human hair, can change the size, shape and nucleus of individual stem cells and 'trick' them to become bone. Further research will look to improve the process of locking bone replacements with reduced risk of infection.

Toward a reliable oral treatment for sickle cell disease Posted: 09 Apr 2021 06:36 AM PDT For those who have sickle cell disease, there are only a few treatment options, which include bone marrow transplants, gene therapy or other treatments that address a subset of symptoms. Now, researchers report discovery of a small molecule that could treat sickle cell disease by boosting levels of fetal hemoglobin, a healthy form that adults normally do not make.

Childhood diet and exercise creates healthier, less anxious adults Posted: 09 Apr 2021 06:36 AM PDT Exercise and a healthy diet in childhood leads to adults with bigger brains and lower levels of anxiety, according to new research.

Health benefits of breastfeeding, for mother: Lactation and visceral, pericardial fat Posted: 09 Apr 2021 06:36 AM PDT As demonstrated by multiple studies, women who breastfeed have a lower risk for developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes, though the mechanisms by which these risks are reduced for lactating women are still not fully understood. Scientists recently completed a study to see if the presence of excess fat, specifically visceral and pericardial fat, could help explain this finding.

Brazil at high risk of dengue outbreaks after droughts because of temporary water storage Posted: 08 Apr 2021 06:29 PM PDT Dengue risk is exacerbated in highly populated areas of Brazil after extreme drought because of improvised water containers housing mosquitoes, suggests a new study.

Leisure physical activity is linked with health benefits but work activity is not Posted: 08 Apr 2021 06:29 PM PDT The first large study showing that leisure time physical activity and occupational physical activity have opposite, and independent, associations with cardiovascular disease risk and longevity.

Scientists discover 'jumping' genes that can protect against blood cancers Posted: 08 Apr 2021 12:36 PM PDT New research has uncovered a surprising role for so-called 'jumping' genes that are a source of genetic mutations responsible for a number of human diseases. Scientists made the unexpected discovery that these DNA sequences, also known as transposons, can protect against certain blood cancers.

Blocking a protein could help overcome cancer resistance to PARP inhibitors Posted: 08 Apr 2021 12:36 PM PDT Researchers have found that blocking a specific protein could increase tumor sensitivity to treatment with PARP inhibitors. Their work suggests combining treatments could lead to improved therapy for patients with inheritable breast cancers.

The tuberculosis pathogen releases its toxin by a novel protein transport system Posted: 08 Apr 2021 12:23 PM PDT Six years ago, researchers described the first toxin ever found for the deadly pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, the mechanism for its secretion from the bacterium was unknown. Now, researchers describe two small Esx proteins that form pores in bacterial membranes and are essential for toxin release. This transport system may be widespread across many Gram-positive bacteria that contain proteins in the WXG100 super-family.

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