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• Apparent Atlantic warming cycle likely an artifact of climate forcing
• Nuclear engineering researchers develop new resilient oxide dispersion strengthened alloy
• Less inflammation with a traditional Tanzanian diet than with a Western diet
• Can't solve a riddle? The answer might lie in knowing what doesn't work
• Earth has a hot new neighbor -- and it's an astronomer's dream
• Field study shows icing can cost wind turbines up to 80% of power production
• When peeking in your brain may help with mental illness
• Factoring in gravitomagnetism could do away with dark matter
• Animal aggression depends on rank within social hierarchies
• Proteomics analysis identifies potential drug targets for aggressive human cancers
• Lonely? These odd rituals can help
• Could catnip become the new insect repellent?
• Did woolly mammoths overlap with first humans in what is now New England?
• Retracing the history of the mutation that gave rise to cancer decades later
• Cancer 'guardian' breaks bad with one switch
• Extreme-scale computing and AI forecast a promising future for fusion power
• Recommended for you: Role, impact of tools behind automated product picks explored
• Secret of the famous Pazyryk carpet: Fermented wool is the answer
• Newly discovered millipede, Nannaria hokie, lives at Virginia Tech
• Key enzymes for synthesizing natural products
• Will climate change outpace species adaptation?
• Volcanoes might light up the night sky of this planet
• Thin explosive films provide snapshot of how detonations start
• Female gannets go the extra mile to feed chicks
• Want to cut emissions that cause climate change? Tax carbon
• NASA's ICESat-2 satellite reveals shape, depth of Antarctic ice shelf fractures
• A COSMIC approach to nanoscale science
• 'Egg carton' quantum dot array could lead to ultralow power devices
• Determination of glycine transporter opens new avenues in development of psychiatric drugs
• WOX9: A jack of all trades
• Ancient DNA reveals clues about how tuberculosis shaped the human immune system
• Cutting off stealthy interlopers: a framework for secure cyber-physical systems
• Protein discovery could help enable eco-friendly fungicides
• Magnetic whirls in confined spaces
• Researchers discover how to control zinc in plants: Could help the world's malnourished
• Performance of methane conversion solid catalyst is predicted by theoretical calculation
• Revisiting the Kobe earthquake and the variations of atmospheric radon concentration
• Advance in 'optical tweezers' to boost biomedical research
• New insights into an ancient protein complex
• Gender assumptions harm progress on climate adaption and resilience
• Limiting invasive species may be a better goal than eliminating them
• Scientists adapt solar energy technology to detect chemical warfare agents and pesticides
• Scientists discover how microorganisms evolve cooperative behaviors
• Higher income predicts feelings such as pride and confidence
• New microcomb could help discover exoplanets and detect diseases
• Misinformation, polarization impeding environmental protection efforts
• Research contributes to understanding of hypersonic flow

Apparent Atlantic warming cycle likely an artifact of climate forcing Posted: 04 Mar 2021 01:11 PM PST Volcanic eruptions, not natural variability, were the cause of an apparent 'Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation,' a purported cycle of warming thought to have occurred on a timescale of 40 to 60 years during the pre-industrial era, according to a team of climate scientists who looked at a large array of climate modeling experiments.

Nuclear engineering researchers develop new resilient oxide dispersion strengthened alloy Posted: 04 Mar 2021 01:11 PM PST Researchers have recently shown superior performance of a new oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloy they developed for use in both fission and fusion reactors.

Less inflammation with a traditional Tanzanian diet than with a Western diet Posted: 04 Mar 2021 01:11 PM PST Urban Tanzanians have a more activated immune system compared to their rural counterparts. The difference in diet appears to explain this difference: in the cities, people eat a more western style diet, while in rural areas a traditional diet is more common. A team of researchers believe that this increased activity of the immune system contributes to the rapid increase in non-communicable diseases in urban areas in Africa.

Can't solve a riddle? The answer might lie in knowing what doesn't work Posted: 04 Mar 2021 01:11 PM PST With the help of about 200 human puzzle-takers, a computer model and functional MRI images, researchers have learned more about the processes of reasoning and decision making, pinpointing the brain pathway that springs into action when problem-solving goes south.

Earth has a hot new neighbor -- and it's an astronomer's dream Posted: 04 Mar 2021 01:11 PM PST A rocky planet discovered in the Virgo constellation could change how we look for life in the universe.

Field study shows icing can cost wind turbines up to 80% of power production Posted: 04 Mar 2021 01:10 PM PST Researchers took their studies of wind-turbine icing out of the lab and into the field to learn how and where ice accumulates on rotating blades. They learned ice on the blades can reduce power production by up to 80%. The field experiments also validated their experimental findings, theories and predictions.

When peeking in your brain may help with mental illness Posted: 04 Mar 2021 11:55 AM PST In recent years, researchers have begun using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) not just to better understand the neural bases of psychiatric illness, but also for experimental treatment of depression, ADHD, anxiety, PTSD, substance use disorder, and schizophrenia with real-time fMRI neurofeedback. But how well does it work?

Factoring in gravitomagnetism could do away with dark matter Posted: 04 Mar 2021 11:54 AM PST Observations of galactic rotation curves give one of the strongest lines of evidence pointing towards the existence of dark matter, a non-baryonic form of matter that makes up an estimated 85% of the matter in the observable Universe. Current assessments of galactic rotation curves are based upon a framework of Newtonian accounts of gravity, a new article suggests that if this is substituted with a general relativity-based model, the need to recourse to dark matter is relieved, replaced by the effects of gravitomagnetism.

Animal aggression depends on rank within social hierarchies Posted: 04 Mar 2021 11:54 AM PST New research shows that the more animals know about each other, the more they may be able to optimize their aggression.

Proteomics analysis identifies potential drug targets for aggressive human cancers Posted: 04 Mar 2021 11:54 AM PST Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine show that analysis of the proteomics, or all the protein data, from aggressive human cancers is a useful approach to identify potential novel therapeutic targets.

Lonely? These odd rituals can help Posted: 04 Mar 2021 11:54 AM PST A new study has found people who adopt unique rituals to make everyday tasks more meaningful might feel less lonely.

Could catnip become the new insect repellent? Posted: 04 Mar 2021 11:54 AM PST New research may have people heading to their backyard instead of the store at the outset of this year's mosquito season.

Did woolly mammoths overlap with first humans in what is now New England? Posted: 04 Mar 2021 11:54 AM PST Woolly mammoths may have walked the landscape at the same time as the earliest humans in what is now New England, according to a new study. Through the radiocarbon dating of a rib fragment from the Mount Holly mammoth from Mount Holly, Vt., the researchers learned that this mammoth existed approximately 12,800 years ago. This date may overlap with the arrival of the first humans in the Northeast, who are thought to have arrived around the same time.

Retracing the history of the mutation that gave rise to cancer decades later Posted: 04 Mar 2021 11:53 AM PST Researchers reconstructed the evolutionary history of cancer cells in two patients, tracing the timeline of the mutation that causes the disease to a cell of origin. In a 63-year-old patient, it occurred at around age 19; in a 34-year-old patient, at around age 9.

Cancer 'guardian' breaks bad with one switch Posted: 04 Mar 2021 11:53 AM PST A mutation that replaces a single amino acid in a potent tumor-suppressing protein makes it prone to nucleating amyloid fibrils implicated in many cancers as well as neurological diseases.

Extreme-scale computing and AI forecast a promising future for fusion power Posted: 04 Mar 2021 11:52 AM PST New computer simulation forecasts a surprisingly optimistic heat load for future fusion facilities designed to harvest on Earth the fusion that powers the sun and stars to generate electricity.

Recommended for you: Role, impact of tools behind automated product picks explored Posted: 04 Mar 2021 11:51 AM PST Researchers examined the role and economic impacts of recommender systems, and how they affect consumers' decisions.

Secret of the famous Pazyryk carpet: Fermented wool is the answer Posted: 04 Mar 2021 10:35 AM PST Why are the red, yellow, and blue colors used in the world's oldest knotted-pile carpet still so vivid and bright, even after almost two and a half thousand years? Researchers have now been able to uncover the secrets behind the so-called Pazyryk carpet using high-resolution x-ray fluorescence microscopy.

Newly discovered millipede, Nannaria hokie, lives at Virginia Tech Posted: 04 Mar 2021 10:35 AM PST Hearing the words "new species discovered" may conjure images of deep caves, uncharted rainforests, or hidden oases in the desert. But the reality is that thousands of new species are discovered each year by enterprising scientists all over the world. Many of these new species do come from exotic locations, but more surprisingly, many come from just down the road, including the newest member of the Hokie Nation, the millipede Nannaria hokie. The newest Hokie -- which has about 60 more legs than the HokieBird ­ -- was discovered living under rocks by the Duck Pond behind the Grove on Virginia Tech's Blacksburg campus. Since then, the critter has been found at the area commonly referred to as stadium woods and in town in Blacksburg as well.

Key enzymes for synthesizing natural products Posted: 04 Mar 2021 10:35 AM PST Researchers unravel the enzymatic construction of the scaffold of complex bacterial metabolites.

Will climate change outpace species adaptation? Posted: 04 Mar 2021 10:34 AM PST Many species might be left vulnerable in the face of climate change, unable to adapt their physiologies to respond to rapid global warming. According to a team of international researchers, species evolve heat tolerance more slowly than cold tolerance, and the level of heat they can adapt to has limits.

Volcanoes might light up the night sky of this planet Posted: 04 Mar 2021 09:54 AM PST Until now, researchers have found no evidence of global tectonic activity on planets outside our solar system. Scientists have now found that the material inside planet LHS 3844b flows from one hemisphere to the other and could be responsible for numerous volcanic eruptions on one side of the planet.

Thin explosive films provide snapshot of how detonations start Posted: 04 Mar 2021 09:53 AM PST Using thin films -- no more than a few pieces of notebook paper thick -- of a common explosive chemical, researchers studied how small-scale explosions start and grow.

Female gannets go the extra mile to feed chicks Posted: 04 Mar 2021 09:53 AM PST Female gannets travel further than male gannets to find fish for their chicks in some years but not others, new research shows.

Want to cut emissions that cause climate change? Tax carbon Posted: 04 Mar 2021 09:53 AM PST Putting a price on producing carbon is the cheapest, most efficient policy change legislators can make to reduce emissions that cause climate change, new research suggests.

NASA's ICESat-2 satellite reveals shape, depth of Antarctic ice shelf fractures Posted: 04 Mar 2021 09:53 AM PST When a block of ice the size of Houston, Texas, broke off from East Antarctica's Amery Ice Shelf in 2019, scientists had anticipated the calving event, but not exactly where it would happen. Now, satellite data can help scientists measure the depth and shape of ice shelf fractures to better predict when and where calving events will occur, according to researchers.

A COSMIC approach to nanoscale science Posted: 04 Mar 2021 09:53 AM PST COSMIC, a multipurpose X-ray instrument, has made headway in the scientific community since its launch less than 2 years ago, with contributions in fields ranging from batteries to biominerals.

'Egg carton' quantum dot array could lead to ultralow power devices Posted: 04 Mar 2021 09:53 AM PST A new path toward sending and receiving information with single photons of light has been discovered by an international team of researchers.

Determination of glycine transporter opens new avenues in development of psychiatric drugs Posted: 04 Mar 2021 08:25 AM PST Glycine can stimulate or inhibit neurons in the brain, thereby controlling complex functions. Unraveling the three-dimensional structure of the glycine transporter, researchers have now come a big step closer to understanding the regulation of glycine in the brain. These results open up opportunities to find effective drugs that inhibit GlyT1 function, with major implications for the treatment of schizophrenia and other mental disorders.

WOX9: A jack of all trades Posted: 04 Mar 2021 08:25 AM PST Researchers used CRISPR, a genome-editing tool, to figure out the hidden roles of a developmental gene called WOX9. It usually induces flower branching in tomatoes and influences embryo growth in a plant related to broccoli. By tweaking the DNA in the gene's nearby promoter region, the researchers found WOX9 could induce flower branching in other species. These types of genetic manipulations provide new opportunities to improve crop traits while eliminating unwanted side effects.

Ancient DNA reveals clues about how tuberculosis shaped the human immune system Posted: 04 Mar 2021 08:24 AM PST A new study employing ancient human DNA reveals how tuberculosis has affected European populations over the past 2,000 years, specifically the impact that disease has had on the human genome. This work has implications for studying not only evolutionary genetics, but also how genetics can influence the immune system.

Cutting off stealthy interlopers: a framework for secure cyber-physical systems Posted: 04 Mar 2021 08:24 AM PST Cyber-physical systems (CPS), which combine modern networking with physical actuators, can be vulnerable against hackers. Recently, researchers developed a new framework for CPSs that is resilient to a sophisticated kind of cyberattack. Unlike existing solutions, the proposed approach allows for real-time detection and recovery from the attack while ensuring stable operation. This paves the way for secure and reliable CPSs across various application domains, such as smart cities and unmanned public transportation.

Protein discovery could help enable eco-friendly fungicides Posted: 04 Mar 2021 08:24 AM PST New research reveals an essential step in scientists' quest to create targeted, RNA-based, more eco-friendly fungicides that protect food crops.

Magnetic whirls in confined spaces Posted: 04 Mar 2021 08:24 AM PST Experimental and theoretical physicists investigated the behavior of magnetic whirls within nanoscale geometric structures.

Researchers discover how to control zinc in plants: Could help the world's malnourished Posted: 04 Mar 2021 08:24 AM PST Over 2 billion people worldwide are malnourished due to zinc deficiency. Researchers show how plants sense zinc and biologists use this knowledge to enhance plant zinc uptake, leading to an increase in seed zinc content by 50 percent. The new knowledge might one day be applied towards the cultivation of more nutritious crops.

Performance of methane conversion solid catalyst is predicted by theoretical calculation Posted: 04 Mar 2021 07:04 AM PST Researchers performed computation of reaction kinetic information from first-principles calculations based on quantum mechanics, and developed methods and programs to carry out kinetic simulations without using experimental kinetic results. This method is expected to accelerate search for various materials to achieve a carbon-free society.

Revisiting the Kobe earthquake and the variations of atmospheric radon concentration Posted: 04 Mar 2021 07:04 AM PST Researchers have unearthed further details about radon concentration in the atmosphere before and after earthquakes, moving us closer to being able to anticipate when large earthquakes may hit.

Advance in 'optical tweezers' to boost biomedical research Posted: 04 Mar 2021 07:04 AM PST A significant advance in 'optical tweezer' technology will help boost biomedical research.

New insights into an ancient protein complex Posted: 04 Mar 2021 07:04 AM PST Extensive collaboration between five VIB groups resulted in a better understanding of the machinery that plants use to regulate the protein composition of their outer membrane. This discovery enhances our basic knowledge of how the plasma membrane composition can be adapted based on external stimuli, an essential process for life on earth.

Gender assumptions harm progress on climate adaption and resilience Posted: 04 Mar 2021 07:04 AM PST Outdated assumptions around gender continue to hinder effective and fair policymaking and action for climate mitigation and adaptation, experts say in a new article.

Limiting invasive species may be a better goal than eliminating them Posted: 04 Mar 2021 07:04 AM PST Managing invasive species -- not eliminating them altogether -- is a better use of time and conservation resources in many cases, according to a biologist.

Scientists adapt solar energy technology to detect chemical warfare agents and pesticides Posted: 04 Mar 2021 07:04 AM PST Pervoskite nanocrystals, a key component of emerging solar energy technology, are being used in Australia to develop a new, rapid-response detection mechanism for fumigants, pollutants and nerve agents. The technology could be used to protect emergency services, defense personnel and agricultural workers.

Scientists discover how microorganisms evolve cooperative behaviors Posted: 04 Mar 2021 07:04 AM PST New research sheds light on how interspecies interactions arise, evolve and are maintained. The results provide a new window to understand the key roles of these interactions in industrial applications, and in the health and disease of humans, animals and plants.

Higher income predicts feelings such as pride and confidence Posted: 04 Mar 2021 07:03 AM PST People with higher incomes tend to feel prouder, more confident and less afraid than people with lower incomes, but not necessarily more compassionate or loving, according to new research.

New microcomb could help discover exoplanets and detect diseases Posted: 04 Mar 2021 07:03 AM PST Tiny photonic devices could be used to find new exoplanets, monitor our health, and make the internet more energy efficient. Researchers now present a game changing microcomb that could bring advanced applications closer to reality. The new microcomb is a coherent, tunable and reproducible device with up to ten times higher net conversion efficiency than the current state of the art.

Misinformation, polarization impeding environmental protection efforts Posted: 04 Mar 2021 07:03 AM PST Researchers are sounding the alarm on a topic not often discussed in the context of conservation -- misinformation. The team explain how the actions of some scientists, advocacy groups and the public are eroding efforts to conserve biodiversity.

Research contributes to understanding of hypersonic flow Posted: 04 Mar 2021 07:00 AM PST Using data collected in a NASA wind tunnel, researchers replicated the hypersonic flow conditions of a compression ramp flow using Direct Numerical Simulation.

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