ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• Marine organisms use previously undiscovered receptors to detect, respond to light
• As climate warms, summer monsoons to produce less streamflow
• Lactobacillus manipulates bile acids to create favorable gut environment
• Reindeer lichens are having more sex than expected
• Potential therapeutic targets to inhibit colorectal cancer progression
• Mysterious magnetic fossils offer past climate clues
• Use of pronouns may show signs of an impending breakup
• Wonder fungi in goat's gut
• A full-scale prototype for muon tomography
• Searching for dark matter through the fifth dimension
• Detecting fake news designed to manipulate stock markets
• When rhinos fly: Upside down the right way for transport
• Glitch in genome architecture may cause B-cell malignancies
• Prostate drug associated with lower risk of Parkinson's disease
• Wearable sensor monitors health, administers drugs using saliva and tears
• Summer weather conditions influence winter survival of honey bees
• Toxin-antitoxin function fuels antibiotic-resistance research
• Researchers discover materials capable of self-propulsion
• Failed storage tanks pose atmospheric risks during disasters
• Don't let pressure of one-upmanship dictate your gift selection
• Stress on every cell: Mapping the stress axis in detail
• Antarctica's ice melt isn't consistent, new analysis shows
• Photonics research makes smaller, more efficient VR, augmented reality tech possible
• Hyaluronan is effective in treating chronic lung disease
• Seafood: Much to glean when times are rough
• Astronomers detect extended dark matter halo around ancient dwarf galaxy
• New realm of personalized medicine with brain stimulation
• Human activity forces animals to move 70% further to survive
• Backreaction observed for first time in water tank black hole simulation
• Controls needed to stop zebra mussels invading Great Britain
• Scientific investigations of believed remains of two apostles
• Claims that Richard III murdered 'the Princes in the Tower' strengthened
• Your toothbrush reflects you, not your toilet
• Salt battery design overcomes bump in the road to help electric cars go the extra mile
• Origami with DNA
• Improved model estimates impact of ozone on soy crops
• Supersaturation: The barrier between protein folding and misfolding
• Damatically lowering costs of semiconductor electron sources
• Bleeding gums may be a sign you need more vitamin C in your diet
• Are plastics and microplastics in the Ocean on the increase?
• Inherited immune condition reversed by random DNA change
• Marine reserves can increase fishery landings despite closing fishing grounds
• Research catches up to world's fastest-growing plant
• Nutrition, companionship reduce pain in mice with sickle cell disease
• Solving complex physics problems at lightning speed
• Breakthrough in mobile determination of QT prolongation
• Larger panel finds more gene mutations, treatment targets for leukemia
• Why do psychiatric drugs help some, but not others? Study offers clues

Marine organisms use previously undiscovered receptors to detect, respond to light Posted: 01 Feb 2021 05:00 PM PST Single-celled organisms in the open ocean use a diverse array of newly discovered genetic tools to detect light, even in tiny amounts, and respond.

As climate warms, summer monsoons to produce less streamflow Posted: 01 Feb 2021 05:00 PM PST A new study points to both the importance of monsoon rains in maintaining the Upper Colorado River's water supply and the diminishing ability of monsoons to replenish summer streamflow in a warmer future with less snow accumulation.

Lactobacillus manipulates bile acids to create favorable gut environment Posted: 01 Feb 2021 02:06 PM PST Probiotic Lactobacillus bacteria use enzymes situationally to manipulate bile acids and promote their own survival in the gut.

Reindeer lichens are having more sex than expected Posted: 01 Feb 2021 02:06 PM PST Scientists thought that reindeer lichens (moss-looking organisms that form a major part of reindeer diets) reproduced mainly asexually by cloning themselves. But it turns out, reindeer lichens are having a lot more sex than scientists expected. In a new study, researchers found that the reindeer lichens they examined have unexpected levels of genetic diversity, indicating that the lichens have been doing more gene-mixing with each other than the scientists would have guessed.

Potential therapeutic targets to inhibit colorectal cancer progression Posted: 01 Feb 2021 02:06 PM PST Researchers have revealed that colorectal cancer tissues contain at least two types of fibroblasts, namely, cancer-promoting fibroblasts and cancer-restraining fibroblasts, and that the balance between them is largely involved in the progression of colorectal cancer. Their findings suggest that artificially altering the balance between the two types of cells could curb the spread of colorectal cancer tumors, which may become an effective strategy for preventing cancer progression.

Mysterious magnetic fossils offer past climate clues Posted: 01 Feb 2021 12:54 PM PST There are fossils, found in ancient marine sediments and made up of no more than a few magnetic nanoparticles, that can tell us a whole lot about the climate of the past, especially episodes of abrupt global warming. Now, researchers have found a way to glean the valuable information in those fossils without having to crush the scarce samples into a fine powder.

Use of pronouns may show signs of an impending breakup Posted: 01 Feb 2021 12:54 PM PST Evidence of an impending breakup may exist in the small words used in everyday conversations months before either partner realizes where their relationship is heading, according to new psychology research.

Wonder fungi in goat's gut Posted: 01 Feb 2021 11:49 AM PST From biofuels and other commodity chemicals to methane production, genomic study peers into the mysteries of a goat's gut.

A full-scale prototype for muon tomography Posted: 01 Feb 2021 11:49 AM PST Researchers build on previous studies into detection technologies and reconstruction algorithms for muon tomography, to develop a full-scale muon tomograph prototype.

Searching for dark matter through the fifth dimension Posted: 01 Feb 2021 11:49 AM PST Theoretical physicists are working on a theory that goes beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. The central element is an extra dimension in spacetime. Until now, the scientists have faced the problem that the predictions of their theory could not be tested experimentally.

Detecting fake news designed to manipulate stock markets Posted: 01 Feb 2021 11:49 AM PST Social media is increasingly used to spread fake news. The same problem can be found on the capital market - criminals spread fake news about companies in order to manipulate share prices. Researchers have developed an approach that can recognize such fake news, even when the news contents are repeatedly adapted.

When rhinos fly: Upside down the right way for transport Posted: 01 Feb 2021 11:49 AM PST When it comes to saving endangered species of a certain size, conservationists often have to think outside the box.

Glitch in genome architecture may cause B-cell malignancies Posted: 01 Feb 2021 11:49 AM PST Restoring an enzyme that maintains the way chromosomes are packed inside cells may lead to new therapies for some blood cancers, according to a new study.

Prostate drug associated with lower risk of Parkinson's disease Posted: 01 Feb 2021 11:49 AM PST Taking a particular type of medication to treat enlarged prostate is associated with a reduced risk of developing Parkinson's disease, according to a large observational study by researchers at the University of Iowa, and colleagues in Denmark and China. The findings, published in JAMA Neurology, suggest that terazosin, and similar medications, might have potential to prevent or delay the development of Parkinson's disease.

Wearable sensor monitors health, administers drugs using saliva and tears Posted: 01 Feb 2021 11:49 AM PST A new kind of wearable health device would deliver real-time medical data to those with eye or mouth diseases.

Summer weather conditions influence winter survival of honey bees Posted: 01 Feb 2021 11:49 AM PST Winter survival of honey bee colonies is strongly influenced by summer temperatures and precipitation in the prior year, according to researchers, who said their findings suggest that honey bees have a 'goldilocks' preferred range of summer conditions outside of which their probability of surviving the winter falls.

Toxin-antitoxin function fuels antibiotic-resistance research Posted: 01 Feb 2021 11:49 AM PST Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are now known to negatively control plasmid replication.

Researchers discover materials capable of self-propulsion Posted: 01 Feb 2021 11:49 AM PST Researchers have discovered how to make materials that snap and reset themselves, only relying upon energy flow from their environment. The discovery may prove useful for various industries that want to source movement sustainably, from toys to robotics, and is expected to further inform our understanding of how the natural world fuels some types of movement.

Failed storage tanks pose atmospheric risks during disasters Posted: 01 Feb 2021 08:59 AM PST Engineers model the hypothetical threats from toxins released when above-ground storage tanks fail during a storm. Using data from hurricanes Ike and Harvey and from the Houston Ship Channel, they illustrate potential atmospheric pollutants during and after a disaster.

Don't let pressure of one-upmanship dictate your gift selection Posted: 01 Feb 2021 08:59 AM PST Researchers set out to understand gift giving dynamics in these settings and how a giver's and a recipient's evaluation of the giver's gift is influenced by the other gifts the recipient receives.

Stress on every cell: Mapping the stress axis in detail Posted: 01 Feb 2021 08:59 AM PST Uncovering the activities of the organs, tissues and cells responsible for the body's stress response as they've never before been seen revealed new cells and possible new drug targets.

Antarctica's ice melt isn't consistent, new analysis shows Posted: 01 Feb 2021 08:59 AM PST Antarctic ice is melting, contributing massive amounts of water to the world's seas and causing them to rise - but that melt is not as linear and consistent as scientists previously thought, a new analysis of 20 years' worth of satellite data indicates.

Photonics research makes smaller, more efficient VR, augmented reality tech possible Posted: 01 Feb 2021 08:59 AM PST Engineering researchers have developed and demonstrated a new approach for designing photonic devices. The advance allows them to control the direction and polarization of light from thin-film LEDs, paving the way for a new generation of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies.

Hyaluronan is effective in treating chronic lung disease Posted: 01 Feb 2021 08:59 AM PST Researchers found that inhaling unfragmented hyaluronan improves lung function in patients suffering from severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Hyaluronan, a sugar secreted by living tissue that acts as a scaffold for cells, is also used in cosmetics as a skin moisturizer and as a nasal spray to moisturize lung airways. Utilized as a treatment, hyaluronan decreased the number of days in the hospital.

Seafood: Much to glean when times are rough Posted: 01 Feb 2021 08:59 AM PST Stable seafood consumption amongst the world's poorer coastal communities depends on their local habitat characteristics, which influences how they fish at different times of the year.

Astronomers detect extended dark matter halo around ancient dwarf galaxy Posted: 01 Feb 2021 08:36 AM PST Findings suggest the first galaxies in the universe were more massive than previously thought.

New realm of personalized medicine with brain stimulation Posted: 01 Feb 2021 08:36 AM PST Millions of patients suffering from neurological and mental disorders such as depression, addiction, and chronic pain are treatment-resistant. New research paves the way for a promising alternative: personalized deep brain stimulation. Researchers have found a way to predict what effect electrical stimulation will have on an individual's brain activity across multiple brain regions. The work represents a major step forward in achieving new therapies for a whole host of neurological and mental disorders.

Human activity forces animals to move 70% further to survive Posted: 01 Feb 2021 08:36 AM PST Scientists have analysed for the first time the amount by which human activity forces animals to alter their movements. What's surprising is that episodic activity - like hunting, oil pipeline construction, military manoeuvres - seem to have the biggest impact.

Backreaction observed for first time in water tank black hole simulation Posted: 01 Feb 2021 08:35 AM PST Scientists have revealed new insights into the behavior of black holes with research that demonstrates how a phenomenon called backreaction can be simulated.

Controls needed to stop zebra mussels invading Great Britain Posted: 01 Feb 2021 08:35 AM PST Research team call for more controls and monitoring around boat ramps to reduce the damage caused by zebra mussels.

Scientific investigations of believed remains of two apostles Posted: 01 Feb 2021 08:35 AM PST A Roman church has since the sixth century AD held relics, believed to be the remains of two apostles. Now, they have undergone scientific analysis, casting light on their age and origin.

Claims that Richard III murdered 'the Princes in the Tower' strengthened Posted: 01 Feb 2021 08:35 AM PST King Richard III's involvement in one of the most notorious and emotive mysteries in English history may be a step closer to being confirmed following a new study.

Your toothbrush reflects you, not your toilet Posted: 01 Feb 2021 07:30 AM PST After studying microbial communities living on bristles from used toothbrushes, researchers found those communities matched microbes commonly found inside the mouth and on skin.

Salt battery design overcomes bump in the road to help electric cars go the extra mile Posted: 01 Feb 2021 07:30 AM PST Using salt as a key ingredient, researchers have designed a new type of rechargeable battery that could accelerate the shift to greener, electric transport on our roads.

Origami with DNA Posted: 01 Feb 2021 07:30 AM PST To study the behavior of T-cells, an unusual method was used: DNA molecules were folded in an ingenious way, similar to the paper folding art origami. In this way, not just a double helix is created, but a rectangular 'molecular raft' that floats across a cell membrane and serves as a tool for novel measurements.

Improved model estimates impact of ozone on soy crops Posted: 01 Feb 2021 07:15 AM PST The impact of ozone on soybean production can be predicted more accurately thanks to improvements to a computer modelling system.

Supersaturation: The barrier between protein folding and misfolding Posted: 01 Feb 2021 07:15 AM PST It's commonly accepted that protein folding/misfolding are alternative reactions of unfolded proteins but the principles governing this remain unknown. Here, researchers describe a general concept that links protein folding and misfolding: protein folding and amyloid formation are separated by the supersaturation barrier of a denatured protein. Breakdown of this supersaturation barrier is required to shift the protein to the amyloid pathway, linking Anfinsen's intramolecular folding universe with the 'outer' intermolecular misfolding universe.

Damatically lowering costs of semiconductor electron sources Posted: 01 Feb 2021 07:15 AM PST Engineers have discovered technology that could slash the cost of semiconductor electron sources, key components in devices ranging from night-vision goggles and low-light cameras to electron microscopes and particle accelerators.

Bleeding gums may be a sign you need more vitamin C in your diet Posted: 01 Feb 2021 07:15 AM PST Bleeding of the gums on gentle probing, or gingival bleeding tendency, and also bleeding in the eye, or retinal hemorrhaging, were associated with low vitamin C levels in the bloodstream.

Are plastics and microplastics in the Ocean on the increase? Posted: 01 Feb 2021 07:15 AM PST A new study overviews a plethora of marine litter monitoring survey data available for different regions of the world ocean, as well as modelling data, in order to determine if microplastic pollution in the ocean is increasing.

Inherited immune condition reversed by random DNA change Posted: 01 Feb 2021 06:32 AM PST Researchers have revealed how a rare DNA change rebalanced the immune system of patients with a life-threatening genetic immunodeficiency.

Marine reserves can increase fishery landings despite closing fishing grounds Posted: 01 Feb 2021 06:08 AM PST You can't have your cake and eat it too, as the saying goes. But what if you could save your slice while enjoying the benefits at the same time? New research suggests this is possible when it comes to marine reserves.

Research catches up to world's fastest-growing plant Posted: 01 Feb 2021 06:08 AM PST Wolffia, also known as duckweed, is the fastest-growing plant known, but the genetics underlying this strange little plant's success have long been a mystery to scientists. New findings about the plant's genome explain how it's able to grow so fast.

Nutrition, companionship reduce pain in mice with sickle cell disease Posted: 01 Feb 2021 06:08 AM PST Researchers have found that an enriched diet and companionship can reduce pain in mice with sickle cell disease by increasing serotonin. They also discovered that duloxetine, an antidepressant that boosts serotonin levels, could be an alternative to opioids in treating chronic pain.

Solving complex physics problems at lightning speed Posted: 01 Feb 2021 06:08 AM PST A calculation so complex that it takes twenty years to complete on a powerful desktop computer can now be done in one hour on a regular laptop. Physicists have now designed a new method to calculate the properties of atomic nuclei incredibly quickly.

Breakthrough in mobile determination of QT prolongation Posted: 01 Feb 2021 06:08 AM PST Researchers have been using artificial intelligence (AI) to develop a mobile device that can identify certain patients at risk of sudden cardiac death.

Larger panel finds more gene mutations, treatment targets for leukemia Posted: 01 Feb 2021 06:07 AM PST A gene panel that looks for about 10 times the number of cancer-causing genes as panels currently used to diagnose and fine tune treatment for a variety of cancers is effective at identifying problematic genes in the most common leukemia, investigators report.

Why do psychiatric drugs help some, but not others? Study offers clues Posted: 01 Feb 2021 06:07 AM PST New research shows that a key protein in the brain called AKT may function differently in males than females. The study also offers a closer look at where, precisely, in the brain things may go wrong with it, marking an important step toward more targeted and less harmful therapies.

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