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January 23, 2021

ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

Crystal structures in super slow motion

Posted: 22 Jan 2021 12:44 PM PST

Laser beams are used to change the properties of materials in an extremely precise way. However, the underlying processes generally take place at such unimaginably fast speeds and at such a small scale that they have so far eluded direct observation. Researchers have now managed to film, for the first time, the laser transformation of a crystal structure with nanometer resolution and in slow motion in an electron microscope.

NSAIDs might exacerbate or suppress COVID-19 depending on timing, mouse study suggests

Posted: 22 Jan 2021 12:44 PM PST

New research shows that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduced both antibody and inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice.

PTSD link to pandemic fears

Posted: 22 Jan 2021 07:20 AM PST

A new study of 1040 online participants from five western countries explores people's response to the stresses of the escalating pandemic, finding more than 13 percent of the sample had post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related symptoms consistent with levels necessary to qualify for a clinical diagnosis.

Cargo delivery by polymers

Posted: 22 Jan 2021 07:16 AM PST

Degradable, bio-based polymers offer options for chemical recycling, and they can be a tool to store and release useful molecules. Scientists have developed a class of sugar-based polymers that are degradable through acid hydrolysis. The researchers also integrated 'cargo' molecules in the polymer, which are designed to split off after polymer degradation.

Rhesus macaques develop promising immune response to SARS-CoV-2

Posted: 22 Jan 2021 05:49 AM PST

In a promising result for the success of vaccines against COVID-19, rhesus macaque monkeys infected with the human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 developed protective immune responses that might be reproduced with a vaccine.

COVID lockdown loneliness linked to more depressive symptoms in older adults

Posted: 22 Jan 2021 05:49 AM PST

Loneliness in adults aged 50 and over during the COVID-19 lockdown was linked to worsening depressive and other mental health symptoms, according to a large-scale online study.

Astronomers discover first cloudless, Jupiter-like planet

Posted: 21 Jan 2021 03:54 PM PST

Astronomers have detected the first Jupiter-like planet without clouds or haze in its observable atmosphere.

Mitochondrial mutation increases the risk of diabetes in Japanese men

Posted: 21 Jan 2021 12:38 PM PST

A new study of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Japanese populations has uncovered a previously uncharacterized genetic variant that puts male carriers at greater risk for the disease, as well as the mechanism by which it does so. The impact of the variant was most pronounced in sedentary men; those with the variant had a 65% greater rate of T2D than sedentary men without it.

When it comes to eyewitness accounts of earthquake shaking, representation matters

Posted: 21 Jan 2021 10:22 AM PST

As scientists increasingly rely on eyewitness accounts of earthquake shaking reported through online systems, they should consider whether those accounts are societally and spatially representative for an event, according to a new article.

Reviving exhausted immune cells to fight cancer

Posted: 21 Jan 2021 10:20 AM PST

Eliminating a single gene can turn exhausted cancer-fighting immune cells known as CD8+ T cells back into refreshed soldiers that can continue to battle malignant tumors, a new study suggests. The findings could offer a new way to harness the body's immune system to attack cancers.

Beetles reveal how to hide the body

Posted: 21 Jan 2021 10:20 AM PST

A corpse is a home to the burying beetle, and researchers are learning how this specialist critter keeps its home free of unwanted visitors.

Lasers create miniature robots from bubbles

Posted: 21 Jan 2021 10:19 AM PST

Robots are widely used to build cars, paint airplanes and sew clothing in factories, but the assembly of microscopic components, such as those for biomedical applications, has not yet been automated. Lasers could be the solution. Now, researchers have used lasers to create miniature robots from bubbles that lift, drop and manipulate small pieces into interconnected structures.

Early breeding reduced harmful mutations in sorghum

Posted: 21 Jan 2021 10:19 AM PST

A new Cornell University study found that harmful mutations in sorghum landraces - early domesticated crops - decreased compared to their wild relatives through the course of domestication and breeding.

Merging technologies with color to avoid design failures

Posted: 21 Jan 2021 10:19 AM PST

Various software packages can be used to evaluate products and predict failure; however, these packages are extremely computationally intensive and take a significant amount of time to produce a solution. Quicker solutions mean less accurate results.

Drug-delivery microcapsules tagged with zirconium-89 can be tracked by PET imaging

Posted: 21 Jan 2021 10:19 AM PST

Polymer and radionuclide chemists report major advance in microcapsule drug delivery systems. Their microcapsules -- labeled with radioactive zirconium-89 -- are the first example of hollow polymer capsules capable of long-term, multiday positron emission tomography imaging in vivo. In previous work, the researchers showed that the hollow capsules could be filled with a potent dose of the cancer drug doxorubicin, which could then be released by therapeutic ultrasound that ruptures the microcapsules.
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