ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• The tree of cortical cell types describes the diversity of neurons in the brain
• Ozone breaks down THC deposited on surfaces from thirdhand cannabis smoke
• Scientists reverse age-related vision loss, eye damage from glaucoma in mice
• Rethinking race and kidney function
• Research reveals how a fungal infection activates inflammation
• New butterfly-inspired hydrogen sensor is powered by light
• This 3D printer doesn't gloss over the details
• New microscope technique reveals details of droplet nucleation
• Research suggests our galaxy's brightest gamma-ray binary system may be powered by a magnetar star
• A hint of new physics in polarized radiation from the early universe
• Researchers develop plant nanobionic sensor to monitor arsenic levels in soil
• Cell membranes in super resolution
• Reconstruction of eye tissue gives new insight into outer retina
• AI abdominal fat measure predicts heart attack and stroke
• Oddly satisfying metamaterials store energy in their skin
• Patients with heart rhythm disorder warned against heavy alcohol consumption
• Researchers determine how the SARS-CoV-2 virus hijacks and rapidly causes damage to human lung cells
• Self-repairing gelatin-based film could be a smart move for electronics
• Parents shouldn't worry about their baby's inconsistent sleep patterns
• Plant-inspired alkaloids protect rice, kiwi and citrus from harmful bacteria
• Living with autonomous systems 'we can trust'
• Big data analysis suggests role of brain connectivity in epilepsy-related atrophy
• Greenland ice sheet faces irreversible melting
• Psychology research shows 'water cooler talk' can have big benefits
• Peeking into the pods of black soybeans
• Healthy muscles are a carrot on a string for healthy lungs
• New glue sticks easily, holds strongly, and is a gas to pull apart
• New lab-on-a-chip infection test could provide cheaper, faster portable diagnostics
• Cancer cells 'remove blindfold' to spread
• More evidence that cellular 'death by iron' could be promising avenue of cancer treatment
• How automated vehicles can impede driver performance, and what to do about it
• What will the climate be like when Earth's next supercontinent forms?
• Bleach-alternative COVID-19 surface disinfectants may pollute indoor air, study finds

The tree of cortical cell types describes the diversity of neurons in the brain Posted: 02 Dec 2020 09:19 AM PST The tree of cortical cell types provides one of the most detailed and complete characterizations of the diversity of neural types in the brain so far.

Ozone breaks down THC deposited on surfaces from thirdhand cannabis smoke Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST Researchers have discovered that ozone -- a component of outdoor and indoor air -- can react with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive component of cannabis, on glass or cotton surfaces to produce new compounds, which they characterized for the first time.

Scientists reverse age-related vision loss, eye damage from glaucoma in mice Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST Researchers at Harvard Medical School have successfully reversed age-related vision loss in animals as well as eye damage stemming from with a condition mimicking human glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness around the world.

Rethinking race and kidney function Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST Removing race from clinical tools that calculate kidney function could have both advantages and disadvantages for Black patients.

Research reveals how a fungal infection activates inflammation Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST Scientists have shed light on the mechanisms that underlie how Aspergillus fumigatus activates the inflammasome, with implications for therapeutic development.

New butterfly-inspired hydrogen sensor is powered by light Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST A new bioinspired prototype offers a total package of features unmatched by any hydrogen sensor currently on the market. While commercial hydrogen sensors only work at 150C or higher, the new tech is powered by light instead of heat. And the sensor can detect hydrogen at concentrations from as little as 10 ppm (for medical diagnoses) to 40,000 ppm (the level where the gas becomes potentially explosive).

This 3D printer doesn't gloss over the details Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST A new 3D printing system enables realistic variations in glossiness across a 3D printed surface. The advance could aid fine art reproduction and the design of prosthetics.

New microscope technique reveals details of droplet nucleation Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST A new microscopy technique allows researchers to directly observe the process of nucleation, which leads to the formation of droplets and bubbles on surfaces. The advance may facilitate the design of improved, more efficient surfaces for a variety of industrial processes.

Research suggests our galaxy's brightest gamma-ray binary system may be powered by a magnetar star Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST A research team has shed new night on the massive star and its neutron star companion, which are thought to be at the core of the gamma-ray binary system LS 5039.

A hint of new physics in polarized radiation from the early universe Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST Astronomers developed a new method to calibrate detectors to the light from dust in our Galaxy, thereby describing a new physics, with 99.2 percent accuracy, that may show parity symmetry breaking.

Researchers develop plant nanobionic sensor to monitor arsenic levels in soil Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST Researchers have developed -- for the first time -- a novel type of plant nanobionic optical sensor that can, in real-time, detect and monitor arsenic levels in the belowground environment, with significant advantages over conventional methods used to measure arsenic in the environment. The new sensor will improve arsenic detection and will help safeguard food safety, and will be useful for agricultural research and environmental monitoring.

Cell membranes in super resolution Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST For the first time ever, expansion microscopy allows the imaging of even the finest details of cell membranes. This offers new insights into bacterial and viral infection processes.

Reconstruction of eye tissue gives new insight into outer retina Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST Researchers used a newly developed imaging technique called serial block face scanning electron microscopy, to produce a digital reconstruction of eye tissues from the outer retina, at very high resolution. This is the first time this technology has been used to fully reconstruct cells from the retina and could provide new insights into the causes of irreversible blinding diseases.

AI abdominal fat measure predicts heart attack and stroke Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST Automated deep learning analysis of abdominal CT images produces a more precise measurement of body composition and predicts major cardiovascular events, such as heart attack and stroke, better than overall weight or body mass index (BMI).

Oddly satisfying metamaterials store energy in their skin Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST Researchers have developed a way for a material to store energy in its skin through invertible domes.

Patients with heart rhythm disorder warned against heavy alcohol consumption Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST Fourteen drinks a week is linked with a higher risk of health problems including stroke and embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation, according to research.

Researchers determine how the SARS-CoV-2 virus hijacks and rapidly causes damage to human lung cells Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST Researchers have identified host proteins and pathways in lung cells whose levels change upon infection by the SARS-CoV-2, providing insights into disease pathology and new therapeutic targets to block COVID-19.

Self-repairing gelatin-based film could be a smart move for electronics Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:45 AM PST Dropping a cell phone can sometimes cause superficial cracks to appear. But other times, the device can stop working altogether because fractures develop in the material that stores data. Now, researchers have made an environmentally friendly, gelatin-based film that can repair itself multiple times and still maintain the electronic signals needed to access a device's data. The material could be used someday in smart electronics and health-monitoring devices.

Parents shouldn't worry about their baby's inconsistent sleep patterns Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:44 AM PST New parents often expect their baby to start sleeping through the night around the time they reach six months of age. But according to a new study parents should view sleep consolidation as a process, instead of a milestone to be achieved at a specific age.

Plant-inspired alkaloids protect rice, kiwi and citrus from harmful bacteria Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:44 AM PST Plants get bacterial infections, just as humans do. When food crops and trees are infected, their yield and quality can suffer. Although some compounds have been developed to protect plants, few of them work on a wide variety of crops, and bacteria are developing resistance. Now, researchers have modified natural plant alkaloids into new compounds that kill bacteria responsible for diseases in rice, kiwi and citrus.

Living with autonomous systems 'we can trust' Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:44 AM PST Autonomous systems are affecting virtually all aspects of society, so future designs must be guided by a broad range of societal stakeholders, according to a new report.

Big data analysis suggests role of brain connectivity in epilepsy-related atrophy Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:44 AM PST An international study has found a link between the brain's network connections and grey matter atrophy caused by certain types of epilepsy, a major step forward in our understanding of the disease.

Greenland ice sheet faces irreversible melting Posted: 02 Dec 2020 08:44 AM PST Scientists predict Greenland ice sheet will pass a threshold beyond which it will never fully regrow and sea levels will be permanently higher in as little as 600 years under current climate change projections, as Greenland's climate would be permanently altered as the ice sheet shrinks.

Psychology research shows 'water cooler talk' can have big benefits Posted: 02 Dec 2020 06:51 AM PST In settings where people are working together on a task, making time for small talk allows for a newly-described behavior called 'reciprocity in conversation,' which is associated with higher levels of task enjoyment.

Peeking into the pods of black soybeans Posted: 02 Dec 2020 06:51 AM PST Scientists have furthered understanding of how plants make a common pigment that might have medicinal applications.

Healthy muscles are a carrot on a string for healthy lungs Posted: 02 Dec 2020 06:51 AM PST Scientists show effectiveness of carrot-based Japanese herbal medicine called 'Ninjin'yoeito' in improving muscle atrophy in the hind legs of mice exposed to cigarette smoke, positioning the medicine as a potential treatment for sarcopenia frailty-related complications with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

New glue sticks easily, holds strongly, and is a gas to pull apart Posted: 02 Dec 2020 05:52 AM PST Research introduces temporary adhesives that don't require tearing or ripping to pull apart.

New lab-on-a-chip infection test could provide cheaper, faster portable diagnostics Posted: 02 Dec 2020 05:50 AM PST A tiny new silicon-based lab-on-chip test could pave the way for cheap handheld infectious disease testing.

Cancer cells 'remove blindfold' to spread Posted: 01 Dec 2020 05:39 PM PST Cells are effectively 'blindfolded' as they lose sensitivity to their surroundings early in cancer progression, but scientists used a new method to find some cancer cells are able to switch this sense back on in order to move and spread. In future, these cells could potentially be targeted by treatments before cancer spreads to give patients a better chance of recovery.

More evidence that cellular 'death by iron' could be promising avenue of cancer treatment Posted: 01 Dec 2020 02:17 PM PST Genetic mutations that give cancers a metabolic boost may also leave them vulnerable to drugs that promote a particular form of cell death, researchers have found.

How automated vehicles can impede driver performance, and what to do about it Posted: 01 Dec 2020 12:34 PM PST A new study is underscoring the importance of drivers keeping their eyes on the road -- even when they are in an automated vehicle (AV). The findings revealed that drivers can become over-reliant on AV technology. This was especially true with a type of in-vehicle display the team coined as takeover request and automation capability (TORAC).

What will the climate be like when Earth's next supercontinent forms? Posted: 01 Dec 2020 11:40 AM PST In roughly 200 million years, the continents will once again unite into a supercontinent. A new study explores how the next Pangea could affect the global climate.

Bleach-alternative COVID-19 surface disinfectants may pollute indoor air, study finds Posted: 01 Dec 2020 11:40 AM PST Cleaning surfaces with hydrogen peroxide-based disinfectants has the potential to pollute the air and pose a health risk, according to new research.

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