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• New imaging method reveals HIV's sugary shield in unprecedented detail
• PTSD and alcohol abuse go hand-in-hand, but males and females exhibit symptoms differently
• Chemists develop framework to enable efficient synthesis of 'information-dense' molecules
• Elkhorn coral actively fighting off diseases on reef
• Exploring the source of stars and planets in a laboratory
• New therapeutic approach against leukemia
• Endangered vaquita remain genetically healthy even in low numbers
• Research team discovers molecular processes in kidney cells that attract and feed COVID-19
• Researchers reveal why heat stress damages sperm
• COVID-19 anxiety linked to body image issues
• Scientist develops new way to test for COVID-19 antibodies
• Malaria-preventive drugs dramatically reduce infections in school children
• Ancient origins of speed control during movement

New imaging method reveals HIV's sugary shield in unprecedented detail Posted: 23 Oct 2020 04:10 PM PDT Scientists have devised a method for mapping in unprecedented detail the thickets of slippery sugar molecules that help shield HIV from the immune system. Mapping these shields will give researchers a more complete understanding of why antibodies react to some spots on the virus but not others, and may shape the design of new vaccines that target the most vulnerable sites on viruses.

PTSD and alcohol abuse go hand-in-hand, but males and females exhibit symptoms differently Posted: 23 Oct 2020 04:10 PM PDT Through intricate experiments designed to account for sex-specific differences, scientists have zeroed-in on certain changes in the brain that may be responsible for driving alcohol abuse among people with PTSD. In studies with rodents, researchers found that males and females exhibit their own distinct symptoms and brain features of PTSD and alcohol use disorder. Such differences are not typically accounted for in laboratory-based studies yet could lead to more successful clinical treatments.

Chemists develop framework to enable efficient synthesis of 'information-dense' molecules Posted: 23 Oct 2020 04:10 PM PDT Scientists have developed a theoretical approach that could ease the process of making highly complex, compact molecules. Such molecules are often found in plants and other organisms, and many are considered desirable starting points for developing potential new drugs. But they also tend to be highly challenging for chemists to construct and modify in the lab--a process called synthesis.

Elkhorn coral actively fighting off diseases on reef Posted: 23 Oct 2020 04:10 PM PDT As the world enters a next wave of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, we are aware now more than ever of the importance of a healthy immune system to protect ourselves from disease. This is not only true for humans but corals too, which are in an ongoing battle to ward off deadly diseases spreading on a reef.

Exploring the source of stars and planets in a laboratory Posted: 23 Oct 2020 04:09 PM PDT New computer simulation aims to verify a widely held but unproven theory of the source of celestial bodies.

New therapeutic approach against leukemia Posted: 23 Oct 2020 09:31 AM PDT Using an RNA molecule complex, researchers can prevent retention of cancer stem cell in their tumor supporting niche.

Endangered vaquita remain genetically healthy even in low numbers Posted: 23 Oct 2020 09:31 AM PDT The critically endangered vaquita has survived in low numbers in its native Gulf of California for hundreds of thousands of years, a new genetic analysis has found. The study found little sign of inbreeding or other risks often associated with small populations.

Research team discovers molecular processes in kidney cells that attract and feed COVID-19 Posted: 23 Oct 2020 09:31 AM PDT What about the kidneys make them a hotspot for COVID-19's cytokine storm? A research team says it's the presence of a protein found on specialized renal transport cells.

Researchers reveal why heat stress damages sperm Posted: 23 Oct 2020 06:58 AM PDT Biologists have used the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans to identify molecular mechanisms that produce DNA damage in sperm and contribute to male infertility following exposure to heat.

COVID-19 anxiety linked to body image issues Posted: 22 Oct 2020 05:14 PM PDT A new study has found that anxiety and stress directly linked to COVID-19 could be causing a number of body image issues. The research, which involved 506 UK adults, found that worries linked to COVID-19 were associated with body dissatisfaction and a desire for thinness in women, and associated with body fat dissatisfaction and a desire for muscularity in men.

Scientist develops new way to test for COVID-19 antibodies Posted: 22 Oct 2020 05:14 PM PDT New research details how a cell-free test rapidly detects COVID-19 neutralizing antibodies and could aid in vaccine testing and drug discovery efforts.

Malaria-preventive drugs dramatically reduce infections in school children Posted: 22 Oct 2020 03:38 PM PDT Use of preventive antimalarial treatments reduces by half the number of malaria infections among schoolchildren, according to a new analysis published today in The Lancet Global Health.

Ancient origins of speed control during movement Posted: 22 Oct 2020 11:45 AM PDT Movement in animals is complex. Little has been known about how spinal inhibitory interneurons work to silence other neurons and related muscle groups in coordination with the active muscle groups across changing speeds. Now a research team has discovered in a study of zebrafish that there is a very orderly relationship between when these critical inhibitory neurons are born, their participation in different speeds of movement and what part of a motor neuron they innervate.

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