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• 'Classified knots': Researchers create optical framed knots to encode information
• Those funky cheese smells allow microbes to 'talk' to and feed each other
• Octopus-inspired sucker transfers thin, delicate tissue grafts and biosensors
• Viral 'molecular scissor' is next COVID-19 drug target
• New research comparing HIV medications set to change international recommendations
• Internet connectivity is oxygen for research and development work
• When honey flows faster than water
• Study explains the process that exacerbates MS
• Ground-breaking discovery finally proves rain really can move mountains
• Existing medications may fight coronavirus infection
• Supercomputing study breaks ground for tree mapping, carbon research
• Remember that fake news you read? It may help you remember even more
• Safe sex or risky romance? Young adults make the rational choice
• Are climate scientists being too cautious when linking extreme weather to climate change?
• Pinpointing the 'silent' mutations that gave the coronavirus an evolutionary edge
• Long-term data show a recent acceleration in chemical and physical changes in the ocean
• How is STEM children's programming prioritizing diversity?
• World's greatest mass extinction triggered switch to warm-bloodedness
• Is sitting always bad for your mind? A new study suggests maybe not
• A new ultrafast control scheme of ferromagnet for energy-efficient data storage
• Could excessive sugar intake contribute to aggressive behaviors, ADHD, bipolar disorder?
• Two planets around a red dwarf
• Stressed out volcanoes more likely to collapse and erupt
• Perovskite tandem solar cells
• Researchers discover a uniquely quantum effect in erasing information
• Slowing light in an optical cavity with mechanical resonators and mirrors
• Energy system 2050: Solutions for the energy transition
• Protecting ecologically important krill in the Southern Ocean from overfishing
• Unprecedented energy use since 1950 has transformed humanity's geologic footprint
• Plant genetic engineering to fight 'hidden hunger'
• Researchers make counterintuitive discoveries about immune-like characteristics of cells
• Gel instrumental in 3D bioprinting biological tissues
• Zeptoseconds: New world record in short time measurement
• Ultrafast camera films 3-D movies at 100 billion frames per second
• During COVID, scientists turn to computers to understand C4 photosynthesis
• Fraction of money earmarked for COVID-19 recovery could boost climate efforts

'Classified knots': Researchers create optical framed knots to encode information Posted: 16 Oct 2020 03:10 PM PDT Researchers have been able to create optical framed knots in the laboratory that could potentially be applied in modern technologies. Their work opens the door to new methods of distributing secret cryptographic keys - used to encrypt and decrypt data, ensure secure communication and protect private information.

Those funky cheese smells allow microbes to 'talk' to and feed each other Posted: 16 Oct 2020 01:43 PM PDT Researchers found that bacteria essential to ripening cheese can sense and respond to compounds produced by fungi in the rind and released into the air, enhancing the growth of some species of bacteria over others. The make-up of the cheese microbiome is critical to flavor and quality of the cheese.

Octopus-inspired sucker transfers thin, delicate tissue grafts and biosensors Posted: 16 Oct 2020 01:43 PM PDT Thin tissue grafts and flexible electronics have a host of applications for wound healing, regenerative medicine and biosensing. A new device inspired by an octopus's sucker rapidly transfers delicate tissue or electronic sheets to the patient, overcoming a key barrier to clinical application.

Viral 'molecular scissor' is next COVID-19 drug target Posted: 16 Oct 2020 01:43 PM PDT Inhibiting the SARS-CoV-2-PLpro enzyme is a novel avenue to explore in rational design of COVID-19 drugs, according to new research.

New research comparing HIV medications set to change international recommendations Posted: 16 Oct 2020 01:43 PM PDT A new study is set to change international treatment recommendations for people who are newly diagnosed with HIV -- an update that could affect nearly two million people per year worldwide.

Internet connectivity is oxygen for research and development work Posted: 16 Oct 2020 11:58 AM PDT Fast and reliable internet access is fundamental for research and development activity around the world. Seamless connectivity is a privilege we often take for granted. But in developing nations, technological limitations can become stumbling blocks to efficient communication and cause significant disadvantages.

When honey flows faster than water Posted: 16 Oct 2020 11:30 AM PDT Physicists surprised to find that in specially coated tubes, the more viscous a liquid is, the faster it flows.

Study explains the process that exacerbates MS Posted: 16 Oct 2020 11:30 AM PDT People with multiple sclerosis (MS) gradually develop increasing functional impairment. Researchers have now found a possible explanation for the progressive course of the disease in mice and how it can be reversed. The study can prove valuable to future treatments.

Ground-breaking discovery finally proves rain really can move mountains Posted: 16 Oct 2020 11:30 AM PDT A pioneering technique which captures precisely how mountains bend to the will of raindrops has helped solve a long-standing scientific enigma.

Existing medications may fight coronavirus infection Posted: 16 Oct 2020 11:30 AM PDT Researchers have identified three existing drugs with the potential to clear SARS-CoV-2 infections.

Supercomputing study breaks ground for tree mapping, carbon research Posted: 16 Oct 2020 10:20 AM PDT A new method for mapping the location and size of trees growing outside of forests helped scientists discover billions of trees in arid and semi-arid regions and lays the groundwork for more accurate global measurement of carbon storage on land.

Remember that fake news you read? It may help you remember even more Posted: 16 Oct 2020 10:20 AM PDT Thinking back on a time you encountered false information or 'fake news' may prime your brain to better recall truthful memories.

Safe sex or risky romance? Young adults make the rational choice Posted: 16 Oct 2020 10:20 AM PDT Eros, the fabled Greek god of love, was said to bring confusion and weaken the mind. New research, however, suggests that young adults are instead quite rational when it comes to selecting potential sexual partners.

Are climate scientists being too cautious when linking extreme weather to climate change? Posted: 16 Oct 2020 09:39 AM PDT Climate science has focused on avoiding false alarms when linking extreme events to climate change. But it could learn from how weather forecasters warn the public of hazardous events to include a second key metric: the probability of detection.

Pinpointing the 'silent' mutations that gave the coronavirus an evolutionary edge Posted: 16 Oct 2020 09:24 AM PDT Researchers have identified a number of 'silent' mutations in the roughly 30,000 letters of the COVID-19 virus's genetic code that helped it thrive once it made the leap from bats and other wildlife to humans -- and possibly helped set the stage for the global pandemic.

Long-term data show a recent acceleration in chemical and physical changes in the ocean Posted: 16 Oct 2020 08:49 AM PDT New research uses data from two sustained open-ocean hydrographic stations in the North Atlantic Ocean near Bermuda to demonstrate recent changes in ocean physics and chemistry since the 1980s. The study shows decadal variability and recent acceleration of surface warming, salinification, deoxygenation, and changes in carbon dioxide-carbonate chemistry that drives ocean acidification.

How is STEM children's programming prioritizing diversity? Posted: 16 Oct 2020 08:49 AM PDT The first large-scale analysis of characters featured in STEM-related educational programming revealed that of the characters appearing in STEM television programming for kids ages 3 to 6, Latinx and females are left behind.

World's greatest mass extinction triggered switch to warm-bloodedness Posted: 16 Oct 2020 08:49 AM PDT Mammals and birds today are warm-blooded, and this is often taken as the reason for their great success.

Is sitting always bad for your mind? A new study suggests maybe not Posted: 16 Oct 2020 08:49 AM PDT It's generally accepted health advice that adults of all ages should sit less, move more, and engage in regular exercise to feel better and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. However, when it comes to the brain and cognition, a new study of older adults suggests that some sedentariness isn't all bad, so long as basic physical activity benchmarks are being met.

A new ultrafast control scheme of ferromagnet for energy-efficient data storage Posted: 16 Oct 2020 08:29 AM PDT Using a single laser pulse that did not switch the ferrimagnetic layer, researchers demonstrated a much faster and less energy consuming switching of the ferromagnet.

Could excessive sugar intake contribute to aggressive behaviors, ADHD, bipolar disorder? Posted: 16 Oct 2020 08:29 AM PDT New research suggests that conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity syndrome (ADHD), bipolar disorder, and even aggressive behaviors may be linked with sugar intake, and that it may have an evolutionary basis.

Two planets around a red dwarf Posted: 16 Oct 2020 08:28 AM PDT Astronomers have detected two exoplanets orbiting the star TOI-1266. The telescope thus demonstrates its high precision and takes an important step in the quest of finding potentially habitable worlds.

Stressed out volcanoes more likely to collapse and erupt Posted: 16 Oct 2020 07:09 AM PDT An international study has discovered how volcanoes experience stress. The study has implications for how the world might be better protected against future volcano collapses.

Perovskite tandem solar cells Posted: 16 Oct 2020 07:09 AM PDT Scientists have revealed the significant improvements they are making in perovskite-based solar cells.

Researchers discover a uniquely quantum effect in erasing information Posted: 16 Oct 2020 07:09 AM PDT Researchers have discovered a uniquely quantum effect in erasing information that may have significant implications for the design of quantum computing chips. Their surprising discovery brings back to life the paradoxical 'Maxwell's demo', which has tormented physicists for over 150 years.

Slowing light in an optical cavity with mechanical resonators and mirrors Posted: 16 Oct 2020 07:09 AM PDT Scientists have demonstrated the theory behind how a cavity optomechanical system induces OMIT and reduces the speed of light.

Energy system 2050: Solutions for the energy transition Posted: 16 Oct 2020 07:09 AM PDT To contribute to global climate protection, Germany has to rapidly and comprehensively minimize the use of fossil energy sources and to transform the energy system accordingly.

Protecting ecologically important krill in the Southern Ocean from overfishing Posted: 16 Oct 2020 07:09 AM PDT Although the krill catch is regulated, caution is required to avoid endangering the population itself and the species that depend on it, warns a group of krill experts.

Unprecedented energy use since 1950 has transformed humanity's geologic footprint Posted: 16 Oct 2020 06:24 AM PDT A new study makes clear the extraordinary speed and scale of increases in energy use, economic productivity and global population that have pushed the Earth towards a new geological epoch, known as the Anthropocene.

Plant genetic engineering to fight 'hidden hunger' Posted: 16 Oct 2020 06:02 AM PDT More than two billion people worldwide suffer from micronutrient malnutrition due to deficiencies in minerals and vitamins. Poor people in developing countries are most affected, as their diets are typically dominated by starchy staple foods, which are inexpensive sources of calories but contain low amounts of micronutrients. Researchers now explain how plant genetic engineering can help to sustainably address micronutrient malnutrition.

Researchers make counterintuitive discoveries about immune-like characteristics of cells Posted: 16 Oct 2020 06:02 AM PDT Biologists reveal that tissue perturbations by chemotherapy agents promote stem cell expansion and that fibroblast cells exhibit unexpected, immune-like behavior.

Gel instrumental in 3D bioprinting biological tissues Posted: 16 Oct 2020 06:02 AM PDT The eventual creation of replacement biological parts requires fully three-dimensional capabilities that two-dimensional and three-dimensional thin-film bioprinting cannot supply. Now, using a yield stress gel, engineers can place tiny aggregates of cells exactly where they want to build the complex shapes that will be necessary to replace bone, cartilage and other tissues.

Zeptoseconds: New world record in short time measurement Posted: 16 Oct 2020 06:02 AM PDT In the global race to measure ever shorter time spans, physicists have now measured a process that lies within the realm of zeptoseconds for the first time: the propagation of light within a molecule. A zeptosecond is a trillionth of a billionth of a second.

Ultrafast camera films 3-D movies at 100 billion frames per second Posted: 16 Oct 2020 06:02 AM PDT New camera technology captures ultrafast video in three dimensions and may help solve some scientific mysteries.

During COVID, scientists turn to computers to understand C4 photosynthesis Posted: 16 Oct 2020 06:01 AM PDT When COVID closed down their lab, a team of researchers turned to computational approaches to understand what makes some plants better adapted to transform light and carbon dioxide into yield through photosynthesis. Most plants use C3 photosynthesis, which is more common but not as efficient as C4. The researchers uncovered clues as to how C4 crops are able to express key enzymes in specialized cells that increase photosynthetic efficiency.

Fraction of money earmarked for COVID-19 recovery could boost climate efforts Posted: 15 Oct 2020 02:31 PM PDT Global stimulus plans for economic recovery after the pandemic could easily cover climate-friendly policies, suggests a new study.

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